WASHINGTON — (CNN) The massive winter storm pummeling the Mid-Atlantic is expected to dump some 2 feet of snow on Washington, D.C. by Saturday night, enough to shut the city down at least through the weekend.

But will it be a record?

Measuring the paralyzing impact of winter storms is an inexact science. Heavy snows alone, for example, can be less crippling than lighter snow whipped by high winds, or a glazing of ice that makes driving a perilous contact sport.

In terms of pure snowfall, however, this storm will need to be a monster to topple records for Washington and its suburbs. A blizzard almost a century ago, in January 1922, dropped 28 inches of snow on the nation’s capital, a record for a three-day period in the city. Almost 2 feet of it fell in one day.

More recently a February 2010 storm dumped more than 32 inches at nearby Dulles Airport in suburban Virginia, according to the National Weather Service. Somehow that storm left less than 18 inches of snow in Washington, only 26 miles to the east.

Here’s a glance at the 10 biggest storms, measured by snowfall over a one- to 3-day period, to hit Washington since the National Weather Service began keeping records in 1884.

1. 28 inches on January 27-29, 1922
2. 20 inches on February 12-14, 1899
3. 17.3 inches on January 7-9, 1996
4. 16.4 inches on February 16-18, 2003
5. 14.3 inches on February 16-18, 1900
6. 12.7 inches on February 5-7, 1899
7. 9.9 inches on December 5-7, 1910
8. 9 inches on January 28-30, 1904
9. 8.3 inches on Feb 19-21, 1947
10. 8 inches (tie) on March 14-16, 1937; December 31, 1924-January 2, 1925; and March 6-8, 1911

But those 10 blizzards weren’t necessarily the storms that gave the hardest wallop to the Mid-Atlantic.

In 2004 two climate scientists developed the Northeast Snowfall Impact Scale, which seeks to measure a blizzard’s scope by factoring in the size of the area affected by the storm, the amount of snow and the number of people living in the storm’s path.

They concluded that the granddaddy of Northeast winter storms was a three-day March 1993 blizzard that dumped more than 20 inches of snow in major parts of nine states, from North Carolina to Vermont. In many places, that storm left 30-plus inches of snow before it was done.

This weekend’s storm will no doubt be hugely disruptive. But unless it is bigger and nastier than anyone imagines, it won’t be unprecedented.

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