BAGHDAD — (CNN) Wartime pressure on the Islamic State is forcing it to slash its fighters’ salaries by half, according to documents leaked from inside ISIS territory.
ISIS might seem like a ragtag group of terrorists, but in reality, it operates as a government over parts of Iraq and Syria. And it hands out biweekly paychecks to its jihadist army.
ISIS soldiers earn between $400 and $1,200 a month, plus a $50 stipend for their wives and $25 for each child, according to the Congressional Research Service.
But running a state at war is expensive. And recent victories for the U.S.-led coalition against ISIS mean that the Islamic State can’t afford to pay its soldiers quite as much as it used to.
“On account of the exceptional circumstances the Islamic State is facing, it has been decided to reduce the salaries that are paid to all mujahideen by half, and it is not allowed for anyone to be exempted from this decision, whatever his position,” the ISIS’ government wrote in a memorandum.
Despite the pay cuts, the Islamic State said it “will continue to distribute provisions twice every month as usual.”
The leaked document was obtained by Aymenn Jawad al-Tamimi, a leading scholar who tracks ISIS. He’s also a fellow at the Middle East Forum.
Al-Tamimi gets documents from sources inside al-Raqqa, the seized Syrian city that ISIS declared as its capital.
The ISIS memo doesn’t say why it’s cutting back.
ISIS makes most of its money by taxing its population. But one major source of pressure on ISIS’ finances is the U.S.-led coalition’s bombing runs. Airstrikes are taking aim at the ISIS oil business: blowing up oil trucks, storage tanks, mobile refineries and other oil field equipment.
The result? ISIS was making $40 million a month on oil alone in early 2015, according to the U.S. Treasury. Now, it’s making only a fraction of that, according to the State Department.
The airstrikes have also targeted ISIS money itself — literally. Last week, the United States military made an extremely unusual move, two U.S. defense officials told CNN. It dropped two 2,000-pound bombs on a building in central Mosul, Iraq, destroying a cache of cash worth “millions.”
Another source of financial pressure is the massive cost of operating a functioning government. ISIS provides public services and collects taxes. That means it has to pay for infrastructure and civilian employee salaries.
To keep the lights on, it pays highly skilled engineers and technicians, who can make upwards of $1,500 a month, according to an investigative team of UN researchers.
ISIS also subsidizes the cost of bread for the public, experts say.
Even in its most successful year, ISIS made an estimated $2 billion total, according to U.S. Treasury Department experts who track terrorist financing. But that’s what it costs just to maintain the portion of ISIS territory in Iraq — at least, that’s what the Iraqi government previously budgeted for that region.
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